Northeast Florida
Nassau County property records and hazards
Nassau County is home to about 104,400 people, and FEMA counts $15.9 billion in buildings there. FEMA's National Risk Index rates its overall natural-hazard risk "Relatively Low", higher than 59% of U.S. counties. For property, the costliest hazards here are inland flooding, hurricanes and coastal flooding and storm surge: together about $18.3 million of expected building damage a year. Its incorporated cities and towns are Callahan, Fernandina Beach and Hilliard. 11 hurricanes have passed within 30 miles since 1851.1
What Nassau County faces most
Ranked by FEMA's National Risk Index: the hazards expected to do the most damage to buildings in this county each year, with each hazard's FEMA risk rating.
- 1
Inland flooding
Relatively LowThe local numbers
- FEMA rates inland flooding risk in Nassau County "Relatively Low" (score 59.0 of 100, compared with every U.S. county).1
- Expected damage to buildings: about $10.2 million a year, the 40th-highest expected building loss from this hazard of 67 counties in the state.1
- FEMA's index maps about 35 square miles of the county inside the 1%-annual-chance floodplain it uses for inland flooding.1
- 16 inland flood events in FEMA's record, about 0.6 a year.1
- 1 federal disaster declaration for flooding.2
What it means for a buyer or owner
Beyond the roughly 35 square miles of mapped floodplain in Nassau County, rain-driven flooding follows rivers, lakes, wetlands and canals, and it doesn't stop at the mapped lines: FEMA says more than 20% of flood insurance claims come from outside high-risk areas.
Ask whether the home has flooded or had a flood claim, and look at the lot's elevation in the report.
In your report: the Flood & hazard sheet · Guide: How to read a Florida flood zone
- 2
Hurricanes
Relatively ModerateThe local numbers
- FEMA rates hurricane risk in Nassau County "Relatively Moderate" (score 88.4 of 100, compared with every U.S. county).1
- Expected damage to buildings: about $6.4 million a year, the 48th-highest expected building loss from this hazard of 67 counties in the state.1
- 11 hurricanes passed within 30 miles of the county since 1851 (1 of them at Category 3 or stronger while nearby); counting tropical storms, 56 storms in all.3
- Strongest storm on record nearby: an unnamed storm (1898), at Category 4 strength (about 132 mph sustained) as it passed.3
- Most recent hurricanes nearby: David (1979), Category 2, Dora (1964), Category 1 and King (1950), Category 1.3
- 20 federal disaster declarations for hurricanes have included the county.2
What it means for a buyer or owner
In Nassau County, hurricane wind and storm surge tend to arrive together. Wind is the part every property shares, so the roof and openings matter as much as the flood zone.
Ask for the roof's age and permit, any shutters or impact-rated windows, and a wind mitigation report.
In your report: the Storm history & wind sheet · Guide: Hurricanes, roofs and insurance
- 3
Coastal flooding and storm surge
Relatively ModerateThe local numbers
- FEMA rates coastal flooding risk in Nassau County "Relatively Moderate" (score 75.8 of 100, compared with every U.S. county).1
- Expected damage to buildings: about $1.7 million a year, the 18th-highest expected building loss from this hazard of 67 counties in the state.1
- 18.6% of the county's building value ($3.0 billion) sits in FEMA's coastal flood hazard areas.1
- 3 tropical-storm or hurricane landfalls on this stretch of coast since 1851.3
What it means for a buyer or owner
With 18.6% of Nassau County's building value in FEMA's coastal flood areas, check three things before you buy: the flood zone (VE and Coastal A zones carry the strictest building rules), the ground and floor height against the base flood elevation, and the storm-surge evacuation zone.
In your report: the Storm surge sheet · Guide: How to read a Florida flood zone
- 4
Wildfire
Relatively LowThe local numbers
- FEMA rates wildfire risk in Nassau County "Relatively Low" (score 86.5 of 100, compared with every U.S. county).1
- Expected damage to buildings: about $847,000 a year, the 29th-highest expected building loss from this hazard of 67 counties in the state.1
- FEMA's wildfire model gives an average yearly burn likelihood of about 0.27% for exposed land here.1
- 20.9% of the county's building value is in areas FEMA treats as exposed to wildfire.1
- 4 federal fire declarations (including fire-management grants) have covered the county.2
What it means for a buyer or owner
20.9% of the building value in Nassau County is near burnable land; risk is highest where homes back onto pine flatwoods, scrub, prairie or other wild land, especially in the dry late-winter and spring months.
Look at the vegetation around the lot, keep a clear zone around the house, and check for burn bans and prescribed-burn areas nearby.
In your report: the Hazards (FEMA National Risk Index) sheet
Rules that apply in every Florida county, from the building code and wind-mitigation discounts to flood insurance, seller flood disclosure and sinkhole coverage: Florida rules for buyers and owners.
Hurricanes near Nassau County
11 hurricanes have come within 30 miles of Nassau County since 1851; the busiest decade was the 1890s, with 3. The 11 most recent are listed, with the strength NOAA recorded as each passed.3
| Year | Storm | Strength nearby | Closest approach | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1979 | David | Category 2 | 20 mi | |
| 1964 | Dora | Category 1 | 19 mi | |
| 1950 | King | Category 1 | 29 mi | |
| 1928 | Unnamed | Category 1 | inside the county | |
| 1898 | Unnamed | Category 4 | 9 mi | |
| 1896 | Unnamed | Category 2 | 8 mi | |
| 1894 | Unnamed | Category 1 | 23 mi | |
| 1888 | Unnamed | Category 1 | 4 mi | |
| 1878 | Unnamed | Category 1 | 26 mi | |
| 1874 | Unnamed | Category 1 | inside the county | |
| 1853 | Unnamed | Category 2 | 27 mi |
Federal disaster declarations
40 federal declarations have included Nassau County since 1973, 23 of them major disasters. By type: 20 hurricane, 7 severe storm, 4 fire, 4 tropical storm, 2 biological, 1 flood, 1 freezing and 1 tornado.2
Most recent
- 2024, Hurricane Milton (major disaster)
- 2024, Hurricane Milton (emergency)
- 2024, Hurricane Helene (major disaster)
- 2024, Hurricane Debby (major disaster)
- 2024, Tropical Storm Debby (emergency)
- 2023, Hurricane Idalia (major disaster)
All FEMA hazards for Nassau County
Every hazard FEMA scores here, costliest for buildings first.1
| Hazard | FEMA risk rating | Risk score (0-100) | Expected building loss a year | Rank in the state |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inland flooding | Relatively Low | 59.0 | $10.2 million | 40 of 67 |
| Hurricanes | Relatively Moderate | 88.4 | $6.4 million | 48 of 67 |
| Coastal flooding and storm surge | Relatively Moderate | 75.8 | $1.7 million | 18 of 67 |
| Wildfire | Relatively Low | 86.5 | $847,000 | 29 of 67 |
| Tornadoes | Relatively Low | 53.6 | $581,000 | 41 of 67 |
| Earthquakes | Relatively Low | 62.8 | $411,000 | 11 of 67 |
| Ice storms | Relatively Low | 53.3 | $104,000 | 1 of 67 |
| Hail | Very Low | 21.8 | $91,000 | 9 of 67 |
| Strong wind | Relatively Low | 18.6 | $25,000 | 57 of 67 |
| Lightning | Relatively Moderate | 71.5 | $20,000 | 46 of 67 |
| Cold waves | Very Low | 12.0 | $16,000 | 32 of 67 |
| Winter weather | Very Low | 7.6 | $2,000 | 22 of 67 |
| Landslides | Very Low | 24.2 | $204 | 32 of 67 |
| Heat waves | Relatively Low | 71.8 | $44 | 34 of 67 |
| Drought | Very Low | 16.3 | $0 | n/a |
Local property economy
Nassau County had about 104,376 residents in 2024. Its largest groups of self-employed businesses are professional, scientific, and technical services (1,549), administrative and support and waste management (1,176) and real estate and rental and leasing (1,167). The table counts businesses with no employees, the sole proprietors behind much of the local real estate and building trade.4
| Businesses with no employees | Nassau | Per 1,000 residents | Florida per 1,000 |
|---|---|---|---|
| All self-employed businesses | 9,414 | 90.2 | 146.6 |
| Real estate, rental and leasing | 1,167 | 11.2 | 15.4 |
| Real estate (agents, brokers, landlords, managers) | 1,123 | 10.8 | 14.8 |
| Construction | 714 | 6.8 | 14.5 |
| Residential building construction | 239 | 2.3 | 4.7 |
Area profile
Census figures for Nassau County next to Florida and the U.S. (ACS 2020-2024 5-year estimates; ± is the margin of error). Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey (opens in a new tab).
| Measure | Nassau County | Florida | U.S. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 97,859 | 22,416,077 | 334,922,499 |
| Median household income | $89,804 ±$4,034 | $74,568 | $80,734 |
| Per-capita income | $47,685 ±$1,504 | $42,609 | $44,673 |
| People below the poverty level | 9.7% ±1.4% | 12.6% | 12.5% |
| Adults 25+ with a bachelor's degree or higher | 35.6% ±1.9% | 34.1% | 35.7% |
| Median home value (owner-occupied) | $382,800 ±$9,501 | $359,000 | $332,700 |
| Median gross rent | $1,526 ±$131 | $1,669 | $1,413 |
| Homes that are owner-occupied | 82.7% ±1.2% | 67.6% | 65.2% |
| Housing units vacant | 12.8% ±1.3% | 14.7% | 10.1% |
| Median year built | 2000 ±2 | 1988 | 1980 |
| Median age | 46.5 ±0.5 | 42.6 | 38.9 |
| Average household size | 2.5 ±0.0 | 2.5 | 2.5 |
| Mean travel time to work (minutes) | 30.1 ±1.9 | 28 | 26.4 |
Race and Hispanic origin (Census table B03002)
| Group | Nassau County | Florida | U.S. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Not Hispanic or Latino: White alone | 83.4% | 50.4% | 57.4% |
| Not Hispanic or Latino: Black or African American alone | 5.5% | 14.6% | 11.9% |
| Not Hispanic or Latino: American Indian and Alaska Native alone | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.5% |
| Not Hispanic or Latino: Asian alone | 1.3% | 2.9% | 5.9% |
| Not Hispanic or Latino: Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone | 0.0% | 0.1% | 0.2% |
| Not Hispanic or Latino: Some other race alone | 0.6% | 0.7% | 0.6% |
| Not Hispanic or Latino: Two or more races | 3.3% | 3.8% | 4.3% |
| Hispanic or Latino (of any race) | 5.7% | 27.4% | 19.3% |
These figures come from the U.S. Census Bureau. OnlineRecords.US doesn't rate, rank or recommend areas by who lives there, and none of these figures are used in any ranking on this page. This product uses Census Bureau data but is not endorsed or certified by the Census Bureau.
Official offices for Nassau County property records
The official word on any Nassau County parcel.5
Property appraiser
- Nassau County Property Appraiser (opens in a new tab) Ownership, values, exemptions and parcel maps.
- Parcel search (opens in a new tab)
Clerk / official records
- Nassau County Clerk of Court and Comptroller (opens in a new tab) Recorder of deeds, mortgages, liens and lis pendens.
- Official records search (opens in a new tab)
Tax collector
- Nassau County Tax Collector (opens in a new tab) Current and delinquent property tax bills.
Building department
- Nassau County Building Department (opens in a new tab) Contact the office for permit records.
Floodplain office
- Nassau County: know your flood hazard (opens in a new tab) Seen on the county's CivicPlus host; production URL assumed, re-checked by --check-links.
What our free report covers in Nassau County
Statewide data works for every Nassau County address: (verified on test reports ). Parcel, owner and legal description, assessed and just values, FEMA flood zone and ground elevation, evacuation zone and FEMA hazard ratings, storm history and estimated wind, storm surge and high-water marks, earthquakes, faults and sinkhole reports, environmental sites nearby and condo and HOA records link to the official source for now. For the county's own records, the report links to each office's search; none is automated and verified here yet unless marked.6
| County records | Status | Where to check |
|---|---|---|
| Recorded deeds, mortgages and liens (clerk) | Link to the official source | Official records search (opens in a new tab) |
| Property tax bill (tax collector) | Link to the official source | Nassau County Tax Collector (opens in a new tab) |
| Building permits | Link to the official source | Link-out to Nassau County Building Department (county site). Nassau County Building Department (opens in a new tab) |
Neighboring counties
Nassau County borders Baker County and Duval County. On inland flooding, Nassau County ranks 2nd of 3 among itself and its neighbors; Duval County is highest.7
| County | Costliest hazard for buildings | Overall FEMA rating | Expected building loss a year |
|---|---|---|---|
| Baker County | Inland flooding | Very Low | $4.4 million |
| Duval County | Inland flooding | Relatively High | $215.1 million |
Sources of information
- FEMA National Risk Index (county level) (opens in a new tab). release: December 2025; retrieved 2026-10-05.
- OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries (opens in a new tab). retrieved 2026-10-05.
- NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic) (opens in a new tab). storms through 2025; track within 30 miles of the county boundary while at tropical-storm strength or stronger; landfall points within 6 miles assigned to the nearest county; retrieved 2026-10-05.
- U.S. Census Bureau, 2024 Nonemployer Statistics and Vintage 2024 population estimates (opens in a new tab). retrieved 2026-10-05.
- onlinerecords.us county registry (official office links). retrieved 2026-10-05.
- onlinerecords.us coverage checks on test reports. retrieved 2026-10-05.
- U.S. Census Bureau county adjacency file (2024) (opens in a new tab). retrieved 2026-10-05.
Figures describe the county as a whole, not any one property. A free report shows the parcel's own flood zone, elevation, storm history and records.