Northwest Florida and the Panhandle
Jefferson County property records and hazards
Jefferson County is home to about 15,900 people, and FEMA counts $2.6 billion in buildings there. FEMA's National Risk Index rates its overall natural-hazard risk "Very Low", higher than 38% of U.S. counties. For property, the costliest hazards here are hurricanes, inland flooding and tornadoes: together about $4.4 million of expected building damage a year. Its incorporated city or town is Monticello. 14 hurricanes have passed within 30 miles since 1851 and 1 made landfall on its coast.1
What Jefferson County faces most
Ranked by FEMA's National Risk Index: the hazards expected to do the most damage to buildings in this county each year, with each hazard's FEMA risk rating.
- 1
Hurricanes
Relatively ModerateThe local numbers
- FEMA rates hurricane risk in Jefferson County "Relatively Moderate" (score 86.7 of 100, compared with every U.S. county).1
- Expected damage to buildings: about $2.3 million a year, the 61st-highest expected building loss from this hazard of 67 counties in the state.1
- 14 hurricanes passed within 30 miles of the county since 1851 (2 of them at Category 3 or stronger while nearby); counting tropical storms, 52 storms in all.2
- Hurricane landfalls on this county's coast: 1 since 1851, most recently an unnamed storm (1886) at Category 2.2
- Strongest storm on record nearby: Helene (2024), at Category 4 strength (about 138 mph sustained) as it passed.2
- Most recent hurricanes nearby: Helene (2024), Category 4, Idalia (2023), Category 3 and Hermine (2016), Category 1.2
- 21 federal disaster declarations for hurricanes have included the county.3
What it means for a buyer or owner
In Jefferson County, hurricane wind and storm surge tend to arrive together, and the county has taken 1 direct hurricane landfalls. Wind is the part every property shares, so the roof and openings matter as much as the flood zone.
Ask for the roof's age and permit, any shutters or impact-rated windows, and a wind mitigation report.
In your report: the Storm history & wind sheet · Guide: Hurricanes, roofs and insurance
- 2
Inland flooding
Very LowThe local numbers
- FEMA rates inland flooding risk in Jefferson County "Very Low" (score 28.1 of 100, compared with every U.S. county).1
- Expected damage to buildings: about $2.0 million a year, the 62nd-highest expected building loss from this hazard of 67 counties in the state.1
- FEMA's index maps about 12 square miles of the county inside the 1%-annual-chance floodplain it uses for inland flooding.1
- 11 inland flood events in FEMA's record, about 0.4 a year.1
- 1 federal disaster declaration for flooding.3
What it means for a buyer or owner
Beyond the roughly 12 square miles of mapped floodplain in Jefferson County, rain-driven flooding follows rivers, lakes, wetlands and canals, and it doesn't stop at the mapped lines: FEMA says more than 20% of flood insurance claims come from outside high-risk areas.
Ask whether the home has flooded or had a flood claim, and look at the lot's elevation in the report.
In your report: the Flood & hazard sheet · Guide: How to read a Florida flood zone
- 3
Tornadoes
Relatively LowThe local numbers
- FEMA rates tornado risk in Jefferson County "Relatively Low" (score 57.3 of 100, compared with every U.S. county).1
- Expected damage to buildings: about $210,000 a year, the 54th-highest expected building loss from this hazard of 67 counties in the state.1
- 10 tornadoes recorded in the county in FEMA's index (NOAA Storm Prediction Center records), about 0.3 a year.1
What it means for a buyer or owner
With roughly 0.3 tornadoes a year on record, Jefferson County sees mostly brief, narrow touchdowns, often spun up by tropical systems and spring squall lines, so damage is very local. The same roof-to-wall connections that resist hurricane wind help here.
Check the roof covering, any hurricane straps or clips, and the insurer's windstorm deductible.
In your report: the Hazards (FEMA National Risk Index) sheet
- 4
Wildfire
Relatively LowThe local numbers
- FEMA rates wildfire risk in Jefferson County "Relatively Low" (score 71.3 of 100, compared with every U.S. county).1
- Expected damage to buildings: about $101,000 a year, the 59th-highest expected building loss from this hazard of 67 counties in the state.1
- FEMA's wildfire model gives an average yearly burn likelihood of about 0.11% for exposed land here.1
- 34.6% of the county's building value is in areas FEMA treats as exposed to wildfire.1
- 2 federal fire declarations (including fire-management grants) have covered the county.3
What it means for a buyer or owner
34.6% of the building value in Jefferson County is near burnable land; risk is highest where homes back onto pine flatwoods, scrub, prairie or other wild land, especially in the dry late-winter and spring months.
Look at the vegetation around the lot, keep a clear zone around the house, and check for burn bans and prescribed-burn areas nearby.
In your report: the Hazards (FEMA National Risk Index) sheet
Rules that apply in every Florida county, from the building code and wind-mitigation discounts to flood insurance, seller flood disclosure and sinkhole coverage: Florida rules for buyers and owners.
Hurricanes near Jefferson County
14 hurricanes have come within 30 miles of Jefferson County since 1851; the busiest decade was the 2020s, with 2. The 12 most recent are listed, with the strength NOAA recorded as each passed.2
| Year | Storm | Strength nearby | Closest approach | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | Helene | Category 4 | 4 mi | |
| 2023 | Idalia | Category 3 | 21 mi | |
| 2016 | Hermine | Category 1 | inside the county | |
| 1985 | Kate | Category 1 | 22 mi | |
| 1966 | Alma | Category 1 | inside the county | |
| 1941 | Unnamed | Category 1 | 24 mi | |
| 1935 | Unnamed | Category 1 | 25 mi | |
| 1894 | Unnamed | Category 1 | 26 mi | |
| 1886 | Unnamed | Category 1 | 7 mi | |
| 1886 | Unnamed | Category 2 | inside the county | Landfall here |
| 1877 | Unnamed | Category 1 | 22 mi | |
| 1873 | Unnamed | Category 1 | inside the county |
Federal disaster declarations
39 federal declarations have included Jefferson County since 1973, 25 of them major disasters. By type: 21 hurricane, 8 severe storm, 5 tropical storm, 2 biological, 2 fire and 1 flood.3
Most recent
- 2024, Hurricane Helene (major disaster)
- 2024, Tropical Storm Helene (emergency)
- 2024, Hurricane Debby (major disaster)
- 2024, Tropical Storm Debby (emergency)
- 2024, Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, And Tornadoes (major disaster)
- 2023, Hurricane Idalia (major disaster)
All FEMA hazards for Jefferson County
Every hazard FEMA scores here, costliest for buildings first.1
| Hazard | FEMA risk rating | Risk score (0-100) | Expected building loss a year | Rank in the state |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hurricanes | Relatively Moderate | 86.7 | $2.3 million | 61 of 67 |
| Inland flooding | Very Low | 28.1 | $2.0 million | 62 of 67 |
| Tornadoes | Relatively Low | 57.3 | $210,000 | 54 of 67 |
| Wildfire | Relatively Low | 71.3 | $101,000 | 59 of 67 |
| Earthquakes | Very Low | 30.8 | $34,000 | 50 of 67 |
| Strong wind | Relatively Low | 17.3 | $28,000 | 55 of 67 |
| Coastal flooding and storm surge | Very Low | 39.4 | $8,000 | 37 of 67 |
| Lightning | Relatively Low | 53.6 | $8,000 | 63 of 67 |
| Cold waves | Relatively Low | 60.8 | $4,000 | 49 of 67 |
| Hail | Very Low | 8.8 | $3,000 | 49 of 67 |
| Winter weather | Very Low | 10.2 | $3,000 | 14 of 67 |
| Landslides | Very Low | 14.9 | $34 | 52 of 67 |
| Heat waves | Relatively Low | 44.7 | $11 | 55 of 67 |
| Drought | Very Low | 30.0 | $0 | n/a |
Local property economy
Jefferson County had about 15,921 residents in 2024. Its largest groups of self-employed businesses are administrative and support and waste management (208), construction (156) and other services (except public administration) (141). The table counts businesses with no employees, the sole proprietors behind much of the local real estate and building trade.4
| Businesses with no employees | Jefferson | Per 1,000 residents | Florida per 1,000 |
|---|---|---|---|
| All self-employed businesses | 1,248 | 78.4 | 146.6 |
| Real estate, rental and leasing | 117 | 7.3 | 15.4 |
| Real estate (agents, brokers, landlords, managers) | 112 | 7.0 | 14.8 |
| Construction | 156 | 9.8 | 14.5 |
| Residential building construction | 32 | 2.0 | 4.7 |
Area profile
Census figures for Jefferson County next to Florida and the U.S. (ACS 2020-2024 5-year estimates; ± is the margin of error). Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey (opens in a new tab).
| Measure | Jefferson County | Florida | U.S. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 15,091 | 22,416,077 | 334,922,499 |
| Median household income | $61,212 ±$4,158 | $74,568 | $80,734 |
| Per-capita income | $31,702 ±$1,848 | $42,609 | $44,673 |
| People below the poverty level | 21.0% ±3.6% | 12.6% | 12.5% |
| Adults 25+ with a bachelor's degree or higher | 19.2% ±2.8% | 34.1% | 35.7% |
| Median home value (owner-occupied) | $232,600 ±$26,645 | $359,000 | $332,700 |
| Median gross rent | $898 ±$106 | $1,669 | $1,413 |
| Homes that are owner-occupied | 75.9% ±3.8% | 67.6% | 65.2% |
| Housing units vacant | 16.5% ±3.4% | 14.7% | 10.1% |
| Median year built | 1987 ±4 | 1988 | 1980 |
| Median age | 47.6 ±1.7 | 42.6 | 38.9 |
| Average household size | 2.4 ±0.1 | 2.5 | 2.5 |
| Mean travel time to work (minutes) | 29.4 ±2.8 | 28 | 26.4 |
Race and Hispanic origin (Census table B03002)
| Group | Jefferson County | Florida | U.S. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Not Hispanic or Latino: White alone | 60.3% | 50.4% | 57.4% |
| Not Hispanic or Latino: Black or African American alone | 27.8% | 14.6% | 11.9% |
| Not Hispanic or Latino: American Indian and Alaska Native alone | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.5% |
| Not Hispanic or Latino: Asian alone | 1.2% | 2.9% | 5.9% |
| Not Hispanic or Latino: Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.2% |
| Not Hispanic or Latino: Some other race alone | 0.5% | 0.7% | 0.6% |
| Not Hispanic or Latino: Two or more races | 5.0% | 3.8% | 4.3% |
| Hispanic or Latino (of any race) | 5.1% | 27.4% | 19.3% |
These figures come from the U.S. Census Bureau. OnlineRecords.US doesn't rate, rank or recommend areas by who lives there, and none of these figures are used in any ranking on this page. This product uses Census Bureau data but is not endorsed or certified by the Census Bureau.
Official offices for Jefferson County property records
The official word on any Jefferson County parcel.5
Property appraiser
- Jefferson County Property Appraiser (opens in a new tab) Ownership, values, exemptions and parcel maps.
Clerk / official records
- Jefferson County Clerk of Court and Comptroller (opens in a new tab) Recorder of deeds, mortgages, liens and lis pendens.
- Official records search (opens in a new tab)
Tax collector
- Jefferson County Tax Collector (opens in a new tab) Current and delinquent property tax bills.
Building department
- Jefferson County Building Department (opens in a new tab) Online permit search.
Floodplain office
- Florida Division of Emergency Management, Floodplain Management (opens in a new tab) We didn't find a county floodplain page; the building department handles flood-zone questions, and the state floodplain office can help.
What our free report covers in Jefferson County
Statewide data works for every Jefferson County address: (verified on test reports ). Parcel, owner and legal description, assessed and just values, FEMA flood zone and ground elevation, evacuation zone and FEMA hazard ratings, storm history and estimated wind, storm surge and high-water marks, earthquakes, faults and sinkhole reports, environmental sites nearby and condo and HOA records link to the official source for now. For the county's own records, the report links to each office's search; none is automated and verified here yet unless marked.6
| County records | Status | Where to check |
|---|---|---|
| Recorded deeds, mortgages and liens (clerk) | Link to the official source | Official records search (opens in a new tab) |
| Property tax bill (tax collector) | Link to the official source | Jefferson County Tax Collector (opens in a new tab) |
| Building permits | Link to the official source | Link-out to Jefferson County Building Department (iWorQ). Jefferson County Building Department (opens in a new tab) |
Neighboring counties
Jefferson County borders Leon County, Madison County, Taylor County and Wakulla County. On hurricanes, Jefferson County ranks 5th of 5 among itself and its neighbors; Leon County is highest.7
| County | Costliest hazard for buildings | Overall FEMA rating | Expected building loss a year |
|---|---|---|---|
| Leon County | Inland flooding | Relatively Moderate | $94.5 million |
| Madison County | Hurricanes | Relatively Low | $7.6 million |
| Taylor County | Hurricanes | Relatively Low | $13.7 million |
| Wakulla County | Inland flooding | Relatively Low | $11.0 million |
Sources of information
- FEMA National Risk Index (county level) (opens in a new tab). release: December 2025; retrieved 2026-10-05.
- NOAA National Hurricane Center HURDAT2 (Atlantic) (opens in a new tab). storms through 2025; track within 30 miles of the county boundary while at tropical-storm strength or stronger; landfall points within 6 miles assigned to the nearest county; retrieved 2026-10-05.
- OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries (opens in a new tab). retrieved 2026-10-05.
- U.S. Census Bureau, 2024 Nonemployer Statistics and Vintage 2024 population estimates (opens in a new tab). retrieved 2026-10-05.
- onlinerecords.us county registry (official office links). retrieved 2026-10-05.
- onlinerecords.us coverage checks on test reports. retrieved 2026-10-05.
- U.S. Census Bureau county adjacency file (2024) (opens in a new tab). retrieved 2026-10-05.
Figures describe the county as a whole, not any one property. A free report shows the parcel's own flood zone, elevation, storm history and records.